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For the arrivals by IAF MUS, why is the downwind leg so far away at sea? Why descend very low after MUS when there are still 40 NM left?
In order to facilitate the management of air traffic, the arrival and departure procedures are designed to be strategically separated from one another, in the horizontal plane as well as the vertical plane.
The route 090° LUC at the end of IAF MUS is necessary to separate the northbound departures from Nice (SIDs IRMAR, OKTET, BODRU, PERUS) and to assure horizontal separations.
In the same way, the maximum altitude of 5000 feet imposed on the radial 090° from VOR LUC at the distance of 30 NM is destined to guarantee the minimal vertical separation of 1000 feet from the crossing of southbound departures (SIDs STP, EPOLO, SODRI, VAREK, LONSU) which in addition is asked to guarantee a minimal altitude of 6000 feet at 18 NM DME NIZ.
The altitude of 4000 feet then required is the radar regulation altitude for flights going to Nice in configuration 22. It is imposed by the minimal altitude of holding NERAS (4000 feet), itself imposed by the floor of the class D airspace of TMA3 fixed at 3500 feet in agreement with the Ministry of Defence.
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